Polarization and Populism

The rise of radical movements and declining trust in traditional elites across democratic societies.

Digital Authoritarianism

The rise of digital technologies used to surveil, censor, and suppress dissent.

Cybersecurity and State Sovereignty

Cyberattacks and digital warfare threatening national sovereignty and internal affairs.

Global Governance

Efforts to reform international institutions and strengthen global coordination.

Geopolitical Competition

Global rivalries over power, influence, and strategic alliances.

Migration Policy

Mass migration driven by conflict, climate, and poverty, fueling disputes over borders and rights.

Sovereignty and Decentralization

Conflicts between central governments and regional or ethnic groups over the right to self-govern.

Armed Conflicts and Alliances

Regional wars, arms races, and the expansion of military alliances.

Human Rights and Civil Liberties

Efforts to protect individual freedoms amid rising authoritarianism and global crises.

Climate Diplomacy

Global agreements and disputes over emissions, energy policy, and the green transition.